121 research outputs found
Der Heilige Geist und die Realisierung des Glaubens in der Geschichte. Ăberlegungen zur systematischen Funktion der Pneumatologie
Die systematische Funktion der Lehre vom Heiligen Geist fĂŒr die theologische Dogmatik ist umstritten. Der Beitrag arbeitet in einer problemgeschichtlichen Perspektive die These aus, dass der Pneumatologie eine notwendige und eigene Funktion fĂŒr die Explikation der Religion zukommt. Deren Thema ist, wie zu zeigen sein wird, das Wissen des religiösen Aktes um seine Einbindung in eine inhaltliche Ăberlieferung sowie deren Wandelbarkeit
Glaube in der multireligiösen Gesellschaft: Zur Bildungskompetenz evangelischen GlaubensverstÀndnisses
An evangelical understanding of religion: The establishment of sensible communication within religious and cultural pluralities The article argues that when different religions and cultures live together in modern societies, it will result in a great deal of conflict. It is also true of Systematic Theology driven by confessions if contact among the religious worlds of modern people is not to be lost or proof of the theoretical religious competence thereof is not to be compromised. This article discusses various theological models to include the reality of the pluralism of societies and attempts to take the existing discussions of the theology of religion further by promoting a certain model that possesses the basic grounds of Reformed Christianity. The thesis of the article reveals that with an evangelical understanding of religion, a certain encounter among religious and cultural differences can be reflected. An obvious religious understanding should not only be in mind, but also the establishment of sensible communication within religious and cultural pluralities
Schellings Wesensbestimmung des Christentums in den Vorlesungen ĂŒber die Methode des akademischen Studiums
Schellingâs notion of the essence of Christianity according to his lectures on scientific methodology This article focuses on Schellingâs lectures on scientific methodology, published in 1802. In these Vorlesungen Schelling developed his theory about the essence of Christianity against the background of a âphilosopy of identityâ. The article consists of three sections which investigate Schellingâs understanding of Christianityâs historical position in the academia. Theology as the science of Christian religion constitutes the essence of Christianity. The article aims to argue that Schellingâs understanding of theology as the object matter of philosophy should be seen in light of his view on Christianityâs historical position
Ultrafast transmission electron microscopy of a structural phase transition
GroĂe Hoffnungen fĂŒr zukĂŒnftige Anwendungen im Gebiet der Energieumwandlung werden auf Materialien mit abstimmbaren Eigenschaften und Anregungen gesetzt. Die FunktionalitĂ€t miniaturisierter Systeme ergibt sich jedoch nicht nur aus den Eigenschaften der einzelnen Materialien, sondern auch aus deren Zusammenspiel und nanoskaliger Strukturierung. WĂ€hrend eine Reihe etablierter experimenteller Techniken in der Lage ist, elektronische Anregungen auf Femtosekunden-Zeit- und Nanometer-LĂ€ngenskalen zu verfolgen, wurde bisher ĂŒber keine zeitaufgelöste Nano-Abbildung eines strukturellen Ordnungsparameters berichtet. Die vorliegende kumulative Dissertation behandelt die Entwicklung zeitaufgelöster Dunkelfeld-Bildgebung am Ultraschnellen Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskop (UTEM) in Göttingen. Dieser Ansatz kombiniert Femtosekunden-Zeitauflösung und eine rĂ€umliche Auflösung von 5 nm mit einer Empfindlichkeit fĂŒr die strukturelle Komponente eines Ladungsdichtewellen-PhasenĂŒbergangs im 1T-Polytyp des Materials Tantaldisulfid. Ultrakurze Laserpulse induzieren lokal den PhasenĂŒbergang, wĂ€hrend die raumzeitliche Relaxationsdynamik des strukturellen Ordnungsparameters mit ultrakurzen Elektronenpulsen verfolgt wird. Die Empfindlichkeit fĂŒr den Ordnungsparameter wird mithilfe einer komplexen Dunkelfeld-Apertur erreicht. In einer ersten Veröffentlichung wird die Technik zur PrĂ€paration der dĂŒnnen Schichten aus Tantaldisulfid vorgestellt. Die durch Ultramikrotomie gewonnenen Proben sind ideal fĂŒr Elektronen- und Röntgenexperimente in einer Transmissionsgeometrie, wie die exemplarische Untersuchung von mit Mangan und Eisen interkaliertem Tantaldisulfid zeigt. Statische optische Mikroskopie, Elektronenbeugung und Messungen des zirkularen magnetischen Röntgendichroismus dienen dazu, diese ferromagnetischen DĂŒnnschichten zu charakterisieren und zu bestĂ€tigen, dass ihre Eigenschaften denen der ursprĂŒnglichen Kristalle entsprechen. Ein zweiter Artikel beschreibt die Umsetzung der zeitaufgelösten Nano-Abbildung. Ein zentraler Aspekt des Experiments ist die Herstellung einer Probe, die das optische Anregungsprofil rĂ€umlich strukturiert und gleichzeitig eine stroboskopische Untersuchung des PhasenĂŒbergangs in Tantaldisulfid bei Wiederholraten von hunderten Kilohertz ermöglicht. Basierend auf Parametern, die in einem stationĂ€ren Heizexperiment gewonnen wurden, kann das Verhalten von nanoskaligen Ladungsdichtewellen-DomĂ€nen in der freistehenden DĂŒnnschicht in zeitabhĂ€ngigen Ginzburg-Landau-Simulationen reproduziert werden. AbschlieĂend werden Perspektiven fĂŒr zukĂŒnftige Experimente auf Basis des vorgestellten Ansatzes diskutiert. Ultraschnelle Dunkelfeld-Bildgebung ermöglicht eine Empfindlichkeit auch fĂŒr weitere strukturelle Freiheitsgrade in komplexen Materialien und wird so zu einem besseren VerstĂ€ndnis aktiv kontrollierter Prozesse auf dem Gebiet der Energieumwandlung beitragen.High hopes are placed on materials with tunable properties and excitations for future applications in energy conversion devices. Functionality of devices, however, not only arises from the properties of individual materials but also from their interplay and nanoscale structuring. While a number of established experimental techniques are capable of tracking electronic excitations on femtosecond time and nanometer length scales, no time-resolved nanoimaging of a structural order parameter had previously been reported.
Addressing this challenge, the present cumulative thesis reports on the development and application of a time-resolved dark-field electron microscopy scheme implemented at the Göttingen Ultrafast Transmission Electron Microscope (UTEM). This nanoimaging approach combines femtosecond temporal and 5 nm spatial resolution with sensitivity to the structural component of a charge-density wave phase transition in 1T-polytype tantalum disulfide. Ultrashort laser pulses locally induce the phase transition, while the subsequent spatiotemporal relaxation dynamics of the structural order parameter is tracked using ultrashort electron pulses. Order parameter sensitivity is obtained by means of a dark-field aperture array, tailored to filter the periodicities of the charge-density wave in the diffraction plane of the microscope.
In the first publication contributing to this thesis, the preparation technique for the thin films of tantalum disulfide is introduced. Specimens obtained by ultramicrotomy are ideal for electron and x-ray experiments in a transmission geometry, as exemplified by the investigation of manganese- and iron-intercalated tantalum disulfide. Static optical microscopy, electron diffraction and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements serve to characterize these ferromagnetic thin films and to verify that the properties reflect those of the bulk crystals.
The second article describes the implementation of the ultrafast nanoimaging approach. A central aspect of the experiment is the design of a specimen that spatially structures the optical excitation pattern and allows for stroboscopic probing of the phase transition in tantalum disulfide at hundreds of kilohertz repetition rates. Based on parameters extracted from a steady-state heating experiment, the optically induced evolution of nanoscale charge-density wave domains in the free-standing thin film is reproduced in time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau simulations.
Finally, perspectives for future nanoimaging experiments are discussed. Allowing for sensitivity to further structural degrees of freedom in complex materials, ultrafast dark-field imaging will contribute to a better understanding of actively controlled processes in energy conversion devices.2021-08-1
CHRISTIANITY AND THE ENCOUNTER OF WORLD RELIGIONS. CONSIDERATIONS TO A CONTEMPORARY THEOLOGY OF RELIGION
A basic problem of the contemporary religious-theological discussion may consist in the task of connecting a methodically sensitive cultural-hermeneutical theory of religion with a normative perspective. This task cannot be fairly developed either from theologies of religion oriented by the religious-theological triadic pattern of exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism, or from the conceptions of comparative theologies. In my essay, I take up this question and try to show further aspects for the present religious-theological discussion by means of Tillichâs lectures on Christianity and the Encounter of the World Religions. His contribution is a threefold one: (1.) Through the methodic assimilation of the concept of religion, the pluralism of religions becomes, in principle, recognized. (2.) The foundation of the history of religions leads to a differentiated perception of the complex interreligious exchange processes. (3.) Tillichâs theology of religion involves not only the recognition of religious pluralism, but also a methodological justification for a normative criterion for the evaluation of religions. In the form of six theses, I would like to answer the question of the consequences of what has been said so far for the reflection and treatment of religious pluralism within theology
Theology, Religion, Culture. Reflections on Systematic Theology following Paul Tillich
Following Paul Tillich, the article sketches the basic lines of a systematic theology of modern culture in the age of religious pluralism. It begins with a brief reconstruction of the systematic foundations of Tillichâs theory of culture from the 1919 draft Rechtfertigung und Zweifel. Then, the systematic problems of Tillichâs theology of culture, which primarily concern his concept of religion, are discussed. In order to resolve these difficulties, it is proposed to understand religion as a self-referential, self-aware, and in itself structured communication event, as well as to dispense with a general concept of religion, as Tillich advocates it. On this basis, the concluding third section of the paper elaborates basic features of a systematic theology of culture which takes up Tillichâs intention, giving it not only a different justification, but also a different direction
Der Jesus der Geschichte und der Christus des Glaubens. Anmerkungen zur Neubestimmung der Christologie bei Karl Barth und Paul Tillich
Der historische Jesus spielt weder fĂŒr die Christologie Karl Barths noch fĂŒr die Paul Tillichs eine Rolle. Der Bezug auf die historische Gestalt Jesus von Nazareth wird von beiden durch den Glauben als ein Geschehen in der Geschichte ersetzt. Der Beitrag versucht zu zeigen, dass die von beiden vorgenommene Unterscheidung zwischen Glaube und empirischer Geschichtsforschung nicht nur ein hohes MaĂ von struktureller Gemeinsamkeit aufweist, sondern gerade darin ein fĂŒr die gegenwĂ€rtigen Debatten ĂŒber historische Jesusforschung und dogmatische Christologie weiterfĂŒhrender Gedanke liegt
Heilige Geist und die Realisierung des Glaubens in der Geschichte. Ăberlegungen zur systematischen Funktion der Pneumatologie
Die systematische Funktion der Lehre vom Heiligen Geist fĂŒr die theologische Dogmatik ist
umstritten. Der Beitrag arbeitet in einer problemgeschichtlichen Perspektive die These aus,
dass der Pneumatologie eine notwendige und eigene Funktion fĂŒr die Explikation der Religion
zukommt. Deren Thema ist, wie zu zeigen sein wird, das Wissen des religiösen Aktes um seine
Einbindung in eine inhaltliche Ăberlieferung sowie deren Wandelbarkeit.Prof. Dr Christian Danz is part
of the research project,
âTheology and Natureâ,
directed by Prof. Dr Johan
Buitendag, Department of
Dogmatics and Christian Ethics,
Faculty of Theology, University
of Pretoria and Dean of the
Faculty of Theology.http://www.hts.org.zaam2016Dogmatics and Christian Ethic
Theology of nature : reflections on the dogmatic doctrine of creation
The doctrine of creation and the knowledge of nature have come into tension in modernity.
Against this background, the article discusses the basic problems of a theology of nature
starting from a systematic theology of religious communication. Dogmatic statements
about the world as Godâs creation are not about a description of nature and reality but
about a reflexive account of Christianâreligious communication. The object of the doctrine
of creation is thus the world-related contents of the Christian religion as well as the
function these have in it. Thus, both the critique of the representational version of the
doctrinal traditionâs conception of creation and its reflexive turn in 20th-century Protestant
theology are taken up and carried forward in such a way that the belief in creation is not
understood as a general qualification of the world but is related to the concrete contents of
religious communication.
CONTRIBUTION : The article proposes a new formulation of the traditional doctrine of creation on
the basis of a systematic theology of religious communication. This approach is intended to
avoid a coexistence of religious belief in creation and scientific explanation of the world, as
well as their being pushed into one another. By transferring the belief in creation to Christianâ
religious communication, the latter thematises how religious contents are created in the
Christian religion.Special Collection: Theology and Nature, sub-edited by Johan Buitendag (University of Pretoria).This research is part of the
research project
âUnderstanding Reality
(Theology and Nature)â,
directed by Prof. Dr Johan
Buitendag, Department of
Systematic and Historical
Theology, Faculty of Theology
and Religion, University of
Pretoriahttp://www.hts.org.zaam2022Dogmatics and Christian Ethic
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